Nkag siab Volatile Memory
Volatile nco, nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm lub computer systems, yog ib hom ntawm lub computer nco uas yuav tsum tau ib tug tas li lub hwj chim mov los khaws cia cov ntaub ntawv. Nws yog ib ntus cia uas tuav cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov lus qhia kev pab cuam thaum lub computer khiav. Tsis zoo li lub cim xeeb tsis hloov pauv, lub cim xeeb tsis hloov pauv tsis khaws cov ntaub ntawv thaum lub hwj chim kaw.
Volatile Memory yog dab tsi?
Volatile memory yog hais txog hom computer nco uas khaws cov ntaub ntawv ib ntus thiab xav tau lub zog tas li los tswj cov ntaub ntawv khaws cia. Nws yog siv los ntawm cov tshuab computer los tuav cov ntaub ntawv ib ntus uas nquag nkag los yog siv tau thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm qhov system.
Feem ntau hom ntawm Volatile Memory: Dynamic RAM (DRAM)
Raws li kev tshawb fawb luam tawm los ntawm IEEE, Dynamic RAM (DRAM) yog hom kev nco tsis zoo uas siv ntau tshaj plaws hauv cov tshuab computer. DRAM tau siv dav hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob vim nws qhov txiaj ntsig zoo thiab muaj peev xwm cia siab.
Dab tsi yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm Volatile Memory?
Lub cim xeeb tsis zoo, suav nrog DRAM, muaj ob peb yam tseem ceeb. Nws muaj kev nyeem ntawv ceev thiab sau ua haujlwm, ua kom nkag tau sai rau cov ntaub ntawv. Nws muab random nkag, txhais tau tias ib feem ntawm lub cim xeeb tuaj yeem nkag ncaj qha. Nws yog volatile, txhais tau tias cov ntaub ntawv ploj thaum lub hwj chim raug muab tua los yog cuam tshuam.
Vim li cas Volatile Memory tseem ceeb?
Volatile nco plays lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev ua haujlwm zoo ntawm lub tshuab computer. Nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua rau cov haujlwm xws li khiav cov ntawv thov, thauj khoom ua haujlwm, thiab khaws cov ntaub ntawv uas yuav tsum tau nkag mus thiab ua tiav hauv lub sijhawm. Yog tias tsis muaj qhov tsis txaus ntseeg, kev ua haujlwm thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub tshuab computer yuav raug cuam tshuam loj heev.
Hauv seem tom ntej no, peb yuav delve tob rau hauv hom kev nco tsis zoo tshaj plaws, Dynamic RAM (DRAM). Peb yuav tshawb xyuas nws cov qauv, kev ua haujlwm, qhov zoo, qhov tsis zoo, thiab tseem cuam tshuam rau lwm hom kev nco tsis zoo siv hauv tshuab computer xws li SRAM, caches, sau npe cov ntaub ntawv, flip-flops, thiab latches.
Nkag siab Volatile Memory
Volatile nco, tseem hu ua nco ib ntus, tso siab rau lub zog tas li los khaws cov ntaub ntawv khaws cia. Yog hais tias lub hwj chim mov raug cuam tshuam los yog kaw, cov ntaub ntawv uas tau khaws cia rau hauv lub cim xeeb tsis zoo yuav ploj. Tau txais kev nkag siab tob txog yuav ua li cas tsis nco qab ua haujlwm yog qhov tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb hauv kev tshawb fawb hauv computer thiab thev naus laus zis.
Hauv thaj chaw ntawm cov khoos phis tawj, muaj ntau hom kev nco tsis hloov pauv, suav nrog Nco Random Nkiag (RAM), Dynamic RAM (DRAM), Thiab Static RAM (SRAM). Ntawm cov no, RAM yog daim ntawv siv dav tshaj plaws thiab ua haujlwm tseem ceeb rau cov ntaub ntawv uas xav tau los ntawm lub khoos phis tawj processor.
Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm lub cim xeeb tsis hloov pauv hauv kev ua haujlwm hauv computer tsis tuaj yeem overstated. Tsis zoo li cov khoom siv tsis hloov pauv tsis hloov pauv xws li hard drives lossis solid-state drives, lub cim xeeb tsis muaj zog ua kom nkag tau sai dua rau cov ntaub ntawv. Qhov kev ceev thiab kev ua tau zoo no muaj kev cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau tag nrho cov kev ceev thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub tshuab computer.
Piav qhia txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev nkag siab tsis meej pem, qhov xwm txheej ntawm lub neej tiag tiag yog zaj lus qhia. Ib tug phooj ywg ntawm kuv, uas tshwm sim los ua ib tug khoos phis tawj programmer, tau ntsib cov ntaub ntawv poob vim yog lub zog hluav taws xob. Cov ntaub ntawv uas tau muab khaws cia rau hauv lub cim xeeb tsis zoo tsis tau txais kev cawmdim, ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab loj. Qhov xwm txheej no tau ua ib zaj lus qhia muaj txiaj ntsig, qhia nws qhov tsim nyog ntawm kev ua haujlwm tsis tu ncua thiab khaws cov ntaub ntawv rov qab mus rau qhov tsis hloov pauv kom tsis txhob muaj cov ntaub ntawv yav tom ntej.
Rau cov neeg siv khoos phis tawj, tsim kom muaj kev nkag siab zoo ntawm lub cim xeeb tsis zoo yog qhov tseem ceeb, vim nws cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau kev ua haujlwm tag nrho thiab cov ntaub ntawv ncaj ncees. Los ntawm kev paub txog nws tus kheej nrog nws cov yam ntxwv thiab cov kev txwv, kev paub txog kev txiav txim siab tuaj yeem ua kom ntseeg tau tias lub computer ua haujlwm zoo thiab khaws cov ntaub ntawv.
Volatile Memory yog dab tsi?
Tsis nco nco, kuj hu ua ib ntus or kev nco nco, yog hais txog lub khoos phis tawj khaws cia uas yuav tsum muaj lub zog tas li kom khaws cov ntaub ntawv. Nyob rau hauv sib piv rau non-volatile nco, uas tuaj yeem khaws cov ntaub ntawv tsis muaj zog, lub cim xeeb tsis muaj zog poob nws cov ntsiab lus thaum lub hwj chim raug tua.
Cov khoos phis tawj siv lub cim xeeb tsis muaj zog los khaws cov ntaub ntawv uas siv los ntawm kev ua haujlwm thiab kev khiav haujlwm. Qhov no suav nrog cov haujlwm xws li khiav cov ntawv thov, khaws cov ntaub ntawv ib ntus, thiab tswj cov txheej txheem txheej txheem. Piv txwv ntawm kev nco tsis tshua muaj xws li Nco Random Nkiag (RAM) thiab cache cim xeeb.
RAM yog daim ntawv uas nrov tshaj plaws ntawm kev nco tsis muaj zog. Nws lub hom phiaj yog khaws cov ntaub ntawv uas lub computer xav tau kom nkag tau sai. Nws yog siv los khaws cov ntaub ntawv ib ntus uas yog nquag siv los ntawm cov CPU. Qhov ntau thiab tsawg ntawm RAM tuaj yeem nyob ntawm ntau lub gigabytes mus rau terabytes hauv high-end systems.
Rau lwm cov tes, cache cim xeeb yog ib hom me me thiab nrawm dua ntawm lub cim xeeb tsis zoo uas nyob ze rau ntawm CPU. Nws txoj haujlwm yog ua khaws cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov lus qhia uas nquag nkag mus, yog li txhim kho qhov system kev ua tau zoo.
Feem ntau hom Volatile nco
Feem ntau hom Volatile nco yog Nco Random Nkiag (RAM). RAM yog lub cim xeeb hauv computer uas tso cai rau lub processor sai sai nkag mus thiab nyeem lossis sau cov ntaub ntawv. Nws yuav tsum muaj lub zog tas li kom khaws nws cov ntaub ntawv.
RAM yog siv hauv khoos phis tawj, smartphones, thiab lwm yam khoom siv hluav taws xob los khaws cov ntaub ntawv ib ntus siv los ntawm lub processor. Nws enables ceev thiab npaum cov ntaub ntawv ua raws li tus processor tau ceev nrooj nkag tau cov ntaub ntawv xav tau los ntawm RAM es tsis txhob qeeb cia li zoo li hard drives.
Ib qho piv txwv ntawm lub neej tiag tiag qhia txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm RAM yog thaum kuv ua hauj lwm rau ib qhov project editing video. Txawm hais tias muaj lub processor muaj zog thiab cov ntaub ntawv video siab, kuv lub computer tsis tu ncua thiab khov. Tom qab kev tshawb fawb, kuv pom tau tias kuv yuav tsum tau hloov kho kuv RAM. Ntxiv ntxiv RAM ua rau muaj kev txhim kho tseem ceeb hauv kev ua haujlwm. Cov video editing software tuaj yeem nkag tau sai cov ntaub ntawv tsim nyog los ntawm RAM, ua rau smoother editing thiab rendering txheej txheem.
Dab tsi yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm Volatile Memory?
Tsis nco nco, xws li RAM thiab cache nco, yog ib ntus thiab xav tau lub zog tas li kom khaws cov ntaub ntawv. Nws ceev ceev tso cai rau kev nyeem ntawv thiab sau nrawm dua piv rau non-volatile nco. Nyob rau hauv lub computer system, volatile nco ua hauj lwm raws li lub ntsiab nco thiab nkag tau los ntawm lub processor. Nws enables random nkag, ua rau nws haum rau nquag nkag tau cov ntaub ntawv zoo li lub operating system thiab khiav cov kev pab cuam. Cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv volatile nco yog feem ntau khaws cia nyob rau hauv binary hom. Volatile nco yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub sijhawm thiab ua tiav. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom tsis tu ncua khaws cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb rau cov khoom tsis muaj hluav taws xob kom tsis txhob poob. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub cim xeeb tsis zoo ua rau nws zoo tagnrho rau kev ua haujlwm siab thiab nquag nkag mus, xws li kev ua haujlwm ntau, kev ua si, thiab kev siv ua haujlwm.
Vim li cas Volatile Memory tseem ceeb?
Volatile nco, tshwj xeeb RAM, yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau ntau yam. Nws tso cai rau cov khoos phis tawj kom nkag mus tau cov ntaub ntawv sai thiab zoo. Nws enables multitasking thiab du switching ntawm cov kev pab cuam. Nws cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau kev ceev thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev ua haujlwm hauv computer. Tsis txaus lossis qeeb nrov heev ntog tuaj yeem ua rau kev ua haujlwm qeeb thiab kev sib tsoo. Ntxiv thiab, nrov heev ntog ua kom muaj kev ceev ntiag tug thiab kev tiv thaiv cov ntaub ntawv rhiab vim nws raug rho tawm thaum lub zog poob.
Yog vim li cas yog vim li cas nrov heev ntog tseem ceeb? Zoo, muaj ob peb lub laj thawj. Nws tso cai rau cov ntaub ntawv ceev thiab siv tau zoo. Nws enables multitasking thiab seamless program switching. Nws plays lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev txiav txim siab ceev thiab ua haujlwm ntawm cov haujlwm hauv computer. Tsis txaus los yog ceev txaus nrov heev ntog, koj lub computer qhov kev ua tau zoo tuaj yeem raug kev txom nyem, ua rau qeeb thiab txawm tias lub cev poob. Tab sis nrov heev ntog tsis yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev ua haujlwm. Nws kuj pab tiv thaiv koj cov ntaub ntawv rhiab heev. Vim nrov heev ntog tau tshem tawm thaum lub hwj chim poob, nws ua kom muaj kev ceev ntiag tug thiab kev nyab xeeb ntawm koj cov ntaub ntawv ntiag tug. Yog li, hauv kev xaus, nco tsis hloov, tshwj xeeb yog RAM, yog qhov tseem ceeb rau lub computer tag nrho kev ua tau zoo thiab kev tiv thaiv cov ntaub ntawv.
RAM: Txoj kev nrawm tshaj plaws kom poob koj qhov kev xav, ib yam li lub sijhawm ntawd koj tsis nco qab koj tus qub hnub yug.Dab tsi yog RAM?
RAM, los yog Random Access Memory, yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm lub computer system kev ua tau zoo thiab ceev. Nws yog ib hom kev nco tsis zoo uas ua haujlwm raws li thaj chaw cia ib ntus rau cov ntaub ntawv siv tau. RAM khaws cov ntaub ntawv no hauv cov chips, uas tuaj yeem nkag mus tau yam tsis tau. Qhov kev muaj peev xwm nkag mus tau yooj yim no ua rau kom ceev thiab muaj txiaj ntsig cov ntaub ntawv rov qab, thaum kawg ua rau lub sijhawm teb sai dua thiab muaj peev xwm ua haujlwm ntau.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias RAM tsis yog ib qho khoom siv ruaj khov xws li hard drives lossis solid-state drives. Thaum lub hwj chim kaw los yog lub cuab yeej rov pib dua, RAM tsis khaws cov ntaub ntawv. Qhov no yog vim li cas thiaj hu nrov heev ntog.
Hauv kev xaus, RAM plays lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev ua haujlwm tag nrho ntawm lub computer system. Ntau RAM txhais tau tias ntau cov ntaub ntawv tuaj yeem khaws thiab nkag tau sai, ua rau kev txhim kho nrawm thiab ua haujlwm. Yog li, thaum ib tug neeg nug, "Dab tsi yog RAM?" cov lus teb yog nyob rau hauv nws lub peev xwm los txhim kho lub computer kev ua tau zoo thiab pab kom cov ntaub ntawv ua tau zoo.
RAM ua haujlwm li cas?
RAM, los yog Random Access Memory, yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv lub computer system uas tso cai rau cov ntaub ntawv khaws cia thiab nkag mus sai. Nws plays lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev ua haujlwm hauv computer. Nov yog li cas RAM ua haujlwm:
1. RAM, los yog Random Access Memory, yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv lub computer system uas tso cai rau cov ntaub ntawv khaws cia thiab nkag tau sai. Nws plays lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev ua haujlwm hauv computer. Ntawm no yog li cas RAM ua haujlwm: RAM yog nrov heev ntog, txhais tau tias nws tsuas khaws cov ntaub ntawv thaum lub computer yog powered on. Thaum lub khoos phis tawj raug kaw, cov ntaub ntawv khaws cia hauv RAM ploj.
2. RAM, los yog Random Access Memory, yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv lub computer system uas tso cai rau cov ntaub ntawv khaws cia thiab nkag tau sai. Nws plays lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev ua haujlwm hauv computer. Nov yog li cas RAM ua haujlwm: RAM muaj cov hluav taws xob me me uas tuaj yeem khaws thiab khaws cov ntaub ntawv sai dua li lwm hom kev nco. Nws yog tsim los ntawm cov modules los yog chips txuas nrog lub computer lub motherboard.
3. RAM, los yog Random Access Memory, yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv lub computer system uas tso cai rau cov ntaub ntawv khaws cia thiab nkag tau sai. Nws plays lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev ua haujlwm hauv computer. Nov yog li cas RAM ua haujlwm: Thaum koj qhib ib daim ntawv thov lossis cov ntaub ntawv, cov ntaub ntawv cuam tshuam raug xa mus los ntawm lub hard drive thiab khaws cia hauv RAM. Qhov no tso cai rau lub processor kom nkag mus sai thiab tswj cov ntaub ntawv.
4. RAM, los yog Random Access Memory, yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv lub computer system uas tso cai rau cov ntaub ntawv khaws cia thiab nkag tau sai. Nws plays lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev ua haujlwm hauv computer. Ntawm no yog li cas RAM ua haujlwm: Tus nqi ntawm RAM cuam tshuam rau lub computer kev ua haujlwm. Ntau RAM tso cai rau ntau cov ntaub ntawv khaws cia thiab nkag mus, ua rau kev ua haujlwm sai dua. RAM tsis txaus tuaj yeem ua rau kev ua haujlwm qeeb thiab poob.
5. RAM, los yog Random Access Memory, yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv lub computer system uas tso cai rau cov ntaub ntawv khaws cia thiab nkag tau sai. Nws plays lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub computer. Ntawm no yog li cas RAM ua haujlwm: RAM ua raws li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm random nkag, tso cai rau cov ntaub ntawv nkag ncaj qha. Qhov no ua rau kom ceev thiab zoo rov qab cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm lub processor.
Lub dynamic RAM: qhov twg cov ntaub ntawv tuaj rau tog, tab sis tawm sai li sai tau thaum lub teeb tawm mus.
Hom Feem Ntau Ntawm Volatile Memory: Dynamic RAM
Dynamic RAM (DRAM), tseem hu ua hom feem ntau ntawm nrov heev ntog, yog siv dav hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob los khaws cov ntaub ntawv nkag mus ib ntus. Txhawm rau khaws cov ntaub ntawv khaws cia, yuav tsum muaj lub zog txuas ntxiv rau DRAM. Piv nrog rau lwm hom kev nco tsis hloov pauv, DRAM nyiam dua vim nws qhov ceev thiab tus nqi qis dua. Nws tuaj yeem pom muaj nyob hauv tus kheej computers, laptops, smartphones, Thiab twv txiaj yuam pov.
Ib qho ntawm cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb uas ua rau DRAM sawv tawm yog nws lub peev xwm los nyeem thiab sau cov ntaub ntawv ntawm qhov kev ceev tshwj xeeb, uas ua rau nws zoo meej rau kev ua haujlwm ceev thiab ntau daim ntawv thov. DRAM yog scalable, ua kom muaj peev xwm nce ntxiv.
Txawm li cas los xij, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias DRAM tsis hloov pauv thiab poob cov ntaub ntawv khaws tseg thaum lub hwj chim kaw. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau rov qab siv cov kev daws teeb meem uas tsis yog-volatile nco zoo li solid-state drives or hard disk tsav.
Ib daim ntawv qhia tus phooj ywg: thaum xaiv ib lub cuab yeej, xav txog tus nqi ntawm DRAM nws muaj, vim nws cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau kev ua haujlwm thiab nrawm. Cov khoom siv nrog ntau DRAM tuaj yeem ua haujlwm tau zoo los ntawm ntau lub luag haujlwm thiab kev siv peev txheej siv.
DRAM yog dab tsi?
DRAM, luv rau Dynamic Random Access Memory, yog hom tseem ceeb ntawm kev nco tsis zoo siv hauv computers thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Qhov kev nco tshwj xeeb no khaws cov ntaub ntawv thiab ua kom nkag tau sai. Tsis zoo li qhov zoo li qub RAM (SRAM), uas tsis tas yuav rov ua dua tshiab, DRAM yuav tsum tau ncua kev kho tshiab kom txhawb nqa cov ntaub ntawv.
DRAM harnesses capacitors thiab transistors kom khaws thiab tswj cov ntaub ntawv. Txhua cov ntaub ntawv me ntsis tau khaws cia rau hauv lub capacitor, uas tuaj yeem tuav lossis tsis muaj hluav taws xob los sawv cev ib qho "1" lossis "0". Transistors txawj tswj cov dej ntws ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hauv thiab tawm ntawm txhua tus capacitor.
Ib qho tseem ceeb kom zoo dua ntawm DRAM lies nyob rau hauv nws zoo kawg li ceev ceev, yooj yim rau khaws cia ntawm ntau npaum li cas ntawm cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv ib tug tsawg kawg nkaus lub cev qhov chaw. Yog li ntawd, qhov no ua rau nws zoo tshaj plaws rau cov ntawv thov nrog qhov chaw txwv, xws li laptops lossis mobile devices. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tsim nyog sau cia tias DRAM nthuav tawm kev ua haujlwm qeeb dua piv rau lwm hom kev nco thiab xav tau kev ua kom rov zoo li qub, uas yog siv zog ntau dua.
Cov qauv thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm DRAM: qhov twg ntau lab tus me me capacitors tuav cov ntaub ntawv zoo li koj lub peev xwm nco qab koj tau noj tshais.
Tus Qauv thiab Kev Ua Haujlwm ntawm DRAM
DRAM, los yog Dynamic Random Access Memory, yog hom kev nco tshaj plaws uas siv hauv computers thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Nkag siab txog cov qauv thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm DRAM Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nkag siab txog nws cov functionality.
Tus Qauv: DRAM yog tsim los ntawm billions ntawm lub cim xeeb hlwb, txhua tus muaj lub capacitor thiab transistor. Cov hlwb no tau teeb tsa nyob rau hauv ib daim phiaj zoo li tus qauv ntawm silicon nti. Cov capacitors khaws cov ntaub ntawv raws li cov nqi hluav taws xob, thaum cov transistors ua haujlwm ua cov keyboards rau kev nkag thiab tswj cov ntaub ntawv khaws cia.
Khiav Haujlwm: Thaum lub khoos phis tawj lossis cov cuab yeej xav tau los khaws lossis khaws cov ntaub ntawv, nws xa cov teeb liab hluav taws xob mus rau lub cim xeeb tshwj xeeb. Cov teeb liab no ua rau cov capacitors khaws lossis tso lawv cov nqi, sawv cev rau cov ntaub ntawv binary li 0s thiab 1s. Lub transistor ua raws li lub rooj vag, tswj cov ntaub ntawv ntws ntawm lub cim xeeb hlwb thiab lub processor.
Zoo: DRAM muaj qhov ceev cia siab, ua kom muaj peev xwm cia loj dua hauv qhov chaw me me. Nws kuj muab kev nkag mus rau cov ntaub ntawv ceev ceev, ua rau nws ceev ceev. Tsis tas li ntawd, DRAM yog non-volatile, txhais tau tias nws khaws cov ntaub ntawv txawm tias thaum lub zog poob.
tsis zoo: Txawm li cas los, DRAM yuav tsum tau them hluav taws xob tas li los tswj cov ntaub ntawv khaws cia. Yog tsis muaj hluav taws xob tas mus li, cov ntaub ntawv yuav ploj. Ntxiv thiab, DRAM siv zog ntau dua piv rau lwm hom kev nco, ua rau muaj zog siv zog ntxiv.
Nkag siab txog cov qauv thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm DRAM yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev txiav txim siab paub txog kev xav tau ntawm kev nco hauv cov khoom siv hauv computer. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom xav txog qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm DRAM thaum xaiv lub cim xeeb tsim nyog rau cov ntawv thov tshwj xeeb.
Qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm DRAM
Qhov zoo ntawm cov DRAM suav nrog kev cia siab ceev, lub sijhawm nkag tau sai, thiab tus nqi qis. DRAM tso cai rau khaws cov ntaub ntawv ntau dua hauv qhov chaw me me, ua rau nws tsim nyog rau kev khaws cov ntaub ntawv ceev ceev. Ntxiv thiab, DRAM feem ntau pheej yig dua piv rau lwm hom kev nco tsis zoo, ua rau nws raug nqi rau ntau yam kev siv. Nws qhov xwm txheej zoo ua rau cov ntaub ntawv hloov pauv hloov pauv thiab hloov kho tshiab los ntawm kev nyeem ntawv thiab sau ntawv.
Kuj tseem muaj qhov tsis zoo rau kev siv DRAM. Ua ntej, DRAM yog volatile, txhais tau tias cov ntaub ntawv ploj thaum lub hwj chim raug tshem tawm. Yog li ntawd, yuav tsum muaj lub hwj chim tas li los tswj cov ntaub ntawv ncaj ncees. Ntxiv thiab, DRAM yuav tsum tau hloov tshiab txhua lub sijhawm kom khaws cov ntaub ntawv khaws cia, uas ntxiv qhov nyuaj thiab siv zog. Vim qhov xav tau kev hloov tshiab tas li, DRAM muaj luv luv lifespan piv rau non-volatile nco technologies. Ntxiv mus, DRAM muaj kev cuam tshuam rau electromagnetic cuam tshuam, uas tuaj yeem ua rau cov ntaub ntawv kev noj nyiaj txiag lossis poob.
Txhawm rau txiav txim siab qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev ntsuam xyuas cov cai ntawm daim ntawv thov tshwj xeeb ua ntej txiav txim siab siv DRAM. Yog tias daim ntawv thov xav tau ceev thiab ua tau zoo cov ntaub ntawv khaws cia thiab rov qab, nrog lub peev xwm los daws cov ntaub ntawv poob ib ntus, ces DRAM yog ib qho kev xaiv zoo heev. Yog hais tias daim ntawv thov yuav tsum tsis-volatile cia los yog muaj zog nruj txwv, lwm lub cim xeeb technologies tej zaum yuav tsim nyog.
Lwm Hom Volatile Memory
Thaum nws tuaj nrov heev ntog, muaj ntau yam los tshawb nrhiav tshaj qhov paub txog. Hauv seem no, peb dhia mus rau lwm hom kev nco tsis hloov pauv uas ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv peb lub neej digital. Los ntawm ceev SRAM mus rau ntau yam ntawm caches, sau npe cov ntaub ntawv, Thiab txawm ntxeev-flops thiab cov latches, txhua sub-section unveils ib tug tshwj xeeb facet ntawm nrov heev ntog. Npaj txhij los nthuav koj txoj kev paub thiab nrhiav pom ntau haiv neeg toj roob hauv pes volatile nco technologies.
SRAM
SRAM (Static Random-Access Memory) yog lub cim xeeb tsis muaj zog uas siv hauv tshuab computer. Nws yog nrawm dua thiab kim dua DRAM. SRAM khaws cov ntaub ntawv hauv lub flip-flop Circuit Court, uas muaj cov transistors. Tsis zoo li DRAM, SRAM tsis xav tau lub zog tas li los khaws cov ntaub ntawv, ua rau nws zoo tagnrho rau cache nco thiab sau npe. SRAM muaj kev nkag siab ntau dua DRAM, tso cai rau kom ceev cov ntaub ntawv rov qab thiab ua tiav.
Pro-ntsis: Thaum tsim lub khoos phis tawj ua haujlwm siab lossis ua haujlwm ntawm cov haujlwm uas xav tau cov ntaub ntawv ceev nrawm, nqis peev hauv SRAM-based Cheebtsam, xws li lub cache loj, tuaj yeem txhim kho kev ua haujlwm tau zoo.
Ntau hom Caches: Qhov twg cov ntaub ntawv mus nkaum, ua si nkaum thiab nrhiav, thiab qee zaus ploj thiab pom dua.
Ntau hom Caches
Ntau hom caches yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuab computer. Caches, suav nrog CPU cache, disk cache, Thiab web cache, yog cov qauv kev nco ceev ceev uas khaws cov ntaub ntawv nquag siv thiab cov lus qhia los txhim kho lub computer ua haujlwm.
Qhov feem ntau hom ntawm volatile nco siv rau caching yog lub CPU cache. Muaj ntau theem ntawm CPU cache, suav nrog L1, L2, Thiab L3 caches.
cov L1 cav, tseem hu ua thawj cache, yog ze tshaj plaws rau CPU thiab muaj lub sijhawm nkag mus ceev tshaj plaws. Nws khaws cov ntaub ntawv nquag siv thiab cov lus qhia.
cov L2 cav, lossis theem nrab cache, nyob nruab nrab ntawm L1 cache thiab lub cim xeeb loj. Nws muaj lub peev xwm loj dua li L1 cache thiab muab kev cia ntxiv rau cov ntaub ntawv nquag nkag.
cov L3 cav, qhov thib peb-theem cache, loj dua li L2 cache thiab sib koom nrog ntau lub CPU cores. Nws pab txhim kho tag nrho CPU kev ua tau zoo los ntawm kev txo lub cim xeeb nkag latency.
Sib nrug ntawm CPU caches, kuj tseem muaj lwm hom caches hauv computer systems, xws li disk caches thiab web caches. Disk caches khaws cov ntaub ntawv nquag nkag los ntawm lub hard disk hauv lub cim xeeb kom txo tau lub sijhawm nkag mus rau disk. Web caches txuag cov ntsiab lus hauv lub vev xaib kom txo lub sijhawm nws siv los khaws cov ntaub ntawv hauv internet.
Sau npe cov ntaub ntawv: Qhov twg cov ntaub ntawv mus ua pa ua ntej ua rau chaos nyob rau lwm qhov.
Sau npe cov ntaub ntawv
Sau npe cov ntaub ntawv ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ua ib feem ntawm kev nco tsis zoo hauv computer architecture. Lawv yog cov ceev ceev thiab ua haujlwm tau zoo nyob rau hauv lub processor. Lub koom haum ntawm me me, qhov chaw nco ceev ceev hauv cov qauv zoo li matrix txhais sau npe cov ntaub ntawv.
Thaum ua tiav cov lus qhia, lub sau npe hauv ib register file ua raws li ib ntus cia rau cov ntaub ntawv. Cov no sau npe yog siv tau ncaj qha los ntawm lub processor, tso cai rau kom ceev retrieve thiab manipulation ntawm cov ntaub ntawv.
Ntxeev ntxeev or cov latches feem ntau yog siv los siv sau npe cov ntaub ntawv. Cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob no tuaj yeem khaws cov ntaub ntawv binary, nrog rau txhua tus ntxeev-paj or npaws tuav ib me ntsis ntawm cov ntaub ntawv. Grouping ntau ntxeev-flops or cov latches tsim ib sau npe.
Sau npe cov ntaub ntawv yog lub luag haujlwm khaws cia cov txiaj ntsig nruab nrab, qhov sib txawv, thiab chaw nyob thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm. Los ntawm kev muab cov ntaub ntawv ceev ceev, lawv pab txhawb kev txhim kho tag nrho cov txheej txheem processor.
Txhawm rau txhim kho cov ntaub ntawv khaws thiab khaws cia kom zoo, sau npe cov ntaub ntawv tau teeb tsa rau hauv ntau qhov kev nyeem thiab sau cov chaw nres nkoj, ua kom muaj kev nyeem ntawv thiab sau ntawv ua ke.
Nyob rau hauv niaj hnub computer architectures, sau npe cov ntaub ntawv yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev txhawb nqa cov lus qhia nyuaj thiab cov ntaub ntawv ua haujlwm. Los ntawm kev txo qhov kev cia siab ntawm kev nkag mus rau lub cim xeeb, lawv ua rau cov ntaub ntawv ua tiav sai dua thiab txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev.
Sau npe cov ntaub ntawv feem ntau pom muaj nyob rau hauv processors, xws li CPUs thiab microcontrollers, thiab yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau cov architecture ntawm cov khoom siv no.
Nkag siab lub luag haujlwm thiab qhov tseem ceeb ntawm sau npe cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv volatile nco muab kev nkag siab zoo rau kev ua haujlwm zoo ntawm lub khoos phis tawj thiab kev qhia ua haujlwm.
Flip-flops thiab latches
Ntxeev ntxeev thiab cov latches, tseem hu ua flip-flops thiab latches, yog ob hom kev nco tsis zoo uas siv dav hauv cov tshuab digital. Ntxeev ntxeev, uas muaj peev xwm khaws cia ib qho me ntsis ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, nrhiav lawv daim ntawv thov hauv cov kab ke sib txuas. Tshwj xeeb, lawv tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo rau lub sijhawm luv luv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv khaws cia hauv cov ntawv sau npe thiab cov txee. Ntsuas, ntawm qhov tod tes, muaj cov qauv yooj yim dua piv rau ntxeev-flops thiab tseem tuaj yeem khaws cov ntaub ntawv me ntsis. Hauv cov tshuab digital, lawv nquag ua haujlwm rau cov ntaub ntawv khaws cia ib ntus, tswj cov teeb liab, thiab synchronization.
Ob leeg ntxeev-flops thiab cov latches ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv lub khoos phis tawj lub cim xeeb los ntawm kev yooj yim rau kev khaws thiab khaws cov ntaub ntawv. Cov khoom no tseem ceeb heev rau ntau yam haujlwm xws li kev nyeem ntawv thiab sau cov ntaub ntawv mus thiab los ntawm RAM.
Cov Lus Nug
Dab tsi yog hom kev nco tsis zoo tshaj plaws?
Hom kev nco tsis zoo tshaj plaws yog Dynamic RAM (DRAM), uas yog siv dav hauv cov khoos phis tawj ntawm tus kheej, cov khoom siv txawb, thiab cov servers.
DRAM khaws cov ntaub ntawv li cas?
DRAM khaws cov ntaub ntawv siv cov nqi hluav taws xob hauv capacitors. Nws yuav tsum tau refreshing ncua sij hawm kom tswj tau cov ntaub ntawv ncaj ncees.
Dab tsi zoo dua DRAM muab?
DRAM muaj qhov zoo xws li kev pheej yig, kev cia siab, thiab kev sib raug zoo nrog cov tshuab computer sib txawv.
Dab tsi yog qhov txwv ntawm DRAM?
Cov kev txwv ntawm DRAM suav nrog kev hloov pauv tsis tu ncua thiab cov ntaub ntawv poob thaum muaj hluav taws xob tawm, nquag hloov tshiab, thiab lub sijhawm nkag qeeb dua piv rau Static RAM (SRAM).
Dab tsi yog cov thev naus laus zis tshiab hauv kev nco tsis muaj zog?
Cov thev naus laus zis tshiab hauv lub cim xeeb tsis muaj zog suav nrog Magnetoresistive RAM (MRAM) thiab Theem Hloov RAM (PCRAM) uas muaj qhov tsis hloov pauv thiab nyeem / sau nrawm dua.
Lub neej yav tom ntej ntawm kev nco tsis zoo yog dab tsi?
Lub neej yav tom ntej ntawm lub cim xeeb tsis zoo yuav cuam tshuam nrog kev nce qib hauv DRAM thev naus laus zis, kev tshawb nrhiav lwm lub cim xeeb thev naus laus zis xws li MRAM thiab PCRAM, thiab lawv kev koom ua ke rau hauv cov tshuab tseem ceeb.
